What is female infertility?
Female infertility is a term used when a woman is unable to conceive naturally
CAUSES
There are numerous factors, however the most common causes include the following:
Disorders related to ovulation or hormone imbalance
Mechanical or structural causes
Age or ovarian aging
Deconditioning or illness
|
INVESTIGATIONS
Investigations are arranged after a detailed history and examination
|
Blood testsAnalysis of your blood can reveal important information about ovulation, egg count, metabolism, nutrition, current immunity and/or infections. If you've had recurrent miscarriages (2 or more), chromosome analysis, thrombophilia screen and a detailed assessment of the uterus will also be ordered. Gene testing is warranted if there is a personal or family history of an inheritable condition. OvulationHome ovulation prediction kits can be helpful if there is doubt about ovulation. Most women who have regular periods, changes in cervical mucus and premenstrual symptoms are ovulating. An elevated progesterone level about a week before your period is due is a good indication that you have ovulated that month. This can be determined through a blood test. Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) - egg count
|
Imaging
Pelvic ultrasound
Transvaginal ultrasound - A small ultrasound probe is inserted into the vagina to provide clear images of the womb and ovaries. This procedure can estimate the number of follicles you have in your ovaries and detect abnormalities of your womb, endometrium (lining) and fallopian tubes.
Detailed scan & xray with contrast
Sonohysterography improves the visualisation of the womb's cavity by using sterile saline to distend the womb to further evaluate the presence of polyp, septum or indentation caused by a fibroid.
Hysterosalpingo-contrast-sonography (HyCoSy ) is a non-invasive test to check the function of your fallopian tubes. A contrast solution is infused into the womb and observed to flow along the fallopian tubes with an ultrasound probe.
Hysterosalpingogram (HSG) is similar to a HyCoSy but uses X-Ray rather than ultrasound to capture images of the contrast.
Deep infiltrating endometriosis scan uses an ultrasound probe to look for deposits of endometriosis on your bowel, bladder and other organs.
Surgery
Laparoscopy is a procedure performed under general anaesthesia to visually check for damage and obstruction of the fallopian tubes, presence of endometriosis, inflammation, adhesions and other abnormalities.
Hysteroscopy is a procedure involving a small tube containing a light source that is inserted through the cervix and into the uterus. This procedure is performed under general anaesthesia to obtain direct views of the inside of the womb. Samples of the lining of the womb can be taken at the time.
Interpretation of results
Tests are of value if they are correctly interpreted in context of your situation. It’s therefore essential to return and discuss your results with Dr Fong to understand the meaning of your results. In the event of an abnormal result, prompt attention and treatment will be required.
Dr Fong is an endocrinologist and fertility specialist. If you require surgery, she can refer you to a gynaecologist or urologist who has expertise in the field.
Dr Fong is an endocrinologist and fertility specialist. If you require surgery, she can refer you to a gynaecologist or urologist who has expertise in the field.
Male fertility
|
About Dr Fong
|
Consultation fee
|
About IVF & ICSI
|